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| Titel |
Soil bioengineering for risk mitigation and environmental restoration in a humid tropical area |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Petrone, F. Preti |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 14, no. 2 ; Nr. 14, no. 2 (2010-02-08), S.239-250 |
| Datensatznummer |
250012179
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-14-239-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
The use of soil bio-engineering techniques in developing countries is a
relevant issue for disaster mitigation, environmental restoration and
poverty reduction. Research on the autochthonal plants suitable for these
kinds of interventions and on the economic efficiency of the interventions
is essential for the dissemination of such techniques. The present paper is
focused on these two issues as related to the realization of various
typologies of soil bioengineering works in the humid tropics of Nicaragua.
In the area of Río Blanco, located in the Department of Matagalpa, soil
bioengineering installations were built in several sites. The particular
structures built were: drainages with live fascine mattress, a live
palisade, a vegetated live crib wall for riverbank protection, a vegetative
covering made of a metallic net and biotextile coupled with a live palisade
made of bamboo. In order to evaluate the suitability of the various plants
used in these works, monitoring was performed, one on the live palisade
alongside an unpaved road and the other on the live crib wall along a
riverbank, by collecting data on survival rate and morphological parameters.
Concerning economic efficiency, we proceeded to a financial analysis of the
works. Once the unit price was obtained, we converted the amount into EPP
Dollars (Equal Purchasing Power) in order to compare the Nicaraguan context
with the European one.
Among the species used we found that Gliricidia sepium (local common name: Madero negro) and
Tabebuia rosea (local common name: Roble macuelizo) are adequate for soil bioengineering
measures on slopes, while Erythrina fusca (local common name: Helequeme) resulted in
successful behaviour only in the crib wall for riverbank protection.
In comparing costs in Nicaragua and in Italy, the unit price reduction for
Nicaragua ranges from 1.5 times (for the vegetative covering) to almost 4
times (for the fascine mattress), using the EPP dollar exchange rate.
Our conclusions with regard to hydrological-risk mitigating actions
performed on a basin scale and through naturalistic (live) interventions are
that they are not only socially and technically possible, even in hardship
areas (by maximizing the contribution of the local labour force and
minimizing the use of mechanical equipment), but also economically sustainable. |
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