 |
| Titel |
Black carbon emissions from biomass and fossil fuels in rural India |
| VerfasserIn |
I. H. Rehman, T. Ahmed, P. S. Praveen, A. Kar, V. Ramanathan |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 11, no. 14 ; Nr. 11, no. 14 (2011-07-25), S.7289-7299 |
| Datensatznummer |
250009946
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-11-7289-2011.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
| Black carbon (BC) emission from biofuel cooking in South Asia and its
radiative forcing is a significant source of uncertainty for health and
climate impact studies. Quantification of BC emissions in the published
literature is either based on laboratory or remote field observations far
away from the source. For the first time under Project Surya, we use field
measurements taken simultaneously inside rural households, ambient air and
vehicular emissions from highways in a rural area in the
Indo-Gangetic-Plains region of India to establish the role of both solid
biomass based cooking in traditional stoves and diesel vehicles in
contributing to high BC and organic carbon (OC), and solar absorption. The
major finding of this study is that BC concentrations during cooking hours, both indoors and
outdoors, have anomalously large twice-daily peak concentrations reaching
60 μg m−3 (median 15-min average value) for indoor and
30 μg m−3 (median 15-min average value) for outdoor during the early morning
(05:00 to 08:00) and early evening (17:00 to 19:00) hours coinciding with
the morning and evening cooking hours. The BC during the non-cooking hours
were also large, in the range of 2 to 30 μg m−3. The peak indoor
BC concentrations reached as high as 1000 μg m−3. The large
diurnal peaks seen in this study lead to the conclusion that satellite based
aerosol studies that rely on once- daily daytime measurements may severely
underestimate the BC loading of the atmosphere. The concentration of OC was
a factor of 5 larger than BC and furthermore optical data show that
absorbing brown carbon was a major component of the OC. The imprint of the
cooking hour peaks were seen in the outdoor BC both in the village as well
as in the highway. The results have significant implications for climate and
epidemiological studies. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|