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| Titel |
Characteristic scales of earthquake rupture from numerical models |
| VerfasserIn |
M. H. Heimpel |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1023-5809
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics ; 10, no. 6 ; Nr. 10, no. 6, S.573-584 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008213
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/npg-10-573-2003.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Numerical models of
earthquake rupture are used to investigate characteristic length scales
and size distributions of repeated earthquakes on vertical, planar fault
segments. The models are based on exact solutions of static
three-dimensional (3-D) elasticity. Dynamical rupture is approximated by
allowing the static stress field to expand from slip motions at a single
velocity. To show how the vertical fault width affects earthquake size
distributions for a broad range of fault behaviors, two different fault
strength models are used; a smooth model and a heterogeneous asperity
model. The smooth model is a simplified version of the Dieterich-Ruina
rate and state dependent friction law. The heterogeneous asperity model
uses a slip-dependent random powerlaw strength distribution. It is shown
that the characteristic scale of fault segmentation is proportional to the
vertical width of a seismogenic fault. This conclusion holds for both the
smooth and the heterogeneous models. For the smooth models characteristic
quake distributions result, with populations of large events that are
obviously distinct from smaller events. The distributions of large events
have well-defined mean lengths and moments. The heterogeneous models
result in Gutenberg-Richter (GR) powerlaw distributions of event sizes up
to a characteristic quake size. Quakes larger than the characteristic size
fall off the GR distribution such that the powerlaw would greatly
overestimate the probability of occurrence of the larger events. |
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