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| Titel |
Nonequilibrium plankton community structures in an ecohydrodynamic model system |
| VerfasserIn |
H. Malchow, N. Shigesada |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1023-5809
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics ; 1, no. 1 ; Nr. 1, no. 1, S.3-11 |
| Datensatznummer |
250000051
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/npg-1-3-1994.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Due to the local and global impacts of algae blooms and
patchiness on water quality, carbon cycling and climate, models of plankton dynamics are
of current interest. In this paper, the temporal and spatial patterns in natural plankton
communities are interpreted as transient and stationary nonequilibrium solutions of
dynamical nonlinear interaction-diffusion-advection systems. A simple model of
phytoplankton-zooplankton dynamics (Scheffer, 1991) is presented in space and time. After
summarizing the local properties as multiple stability and oscillations, the emergence of
spatial and spatio- temporal patterns is considered, accounting also for diffusion and
weak advection. In order to study the emergence and stability of these structures under
hydrodynamic forcing, the interaction- diffusion-advection model is coupled to the
hydrodynamic equations. It is shown, that the formation of nonequilibrium spatio-temporal
density patterns due to the interplay of the deterministic nonlinear biological
interactions and physical processes is a rare occurrence in rapidly flowing waters. The
two-timing perturbation technique is applied to problems with very rapid single-directed
steady flows. A channel under tidal forcing serves as and example for a system with a
relatively high detention time of matter. Generally, due to the different time and length
scales of planktic interactions, diffusion and transport, initial nonequilibrium plankton
patches are simply moved through the system unless the strong hydrodynamic forces do not
destroy them before. |
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