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| Titel |
Morphology of Tigris River within Baghdad City |
| VerfasserIn |
A. A. Ali, N. A. Al-Ansari, S. Knutsson |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 16, no. 10 ; Nr. 16, no. 10 (2012-10-25), S.3783-3790 |
| Datensatznummer |
250013529
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-16-3783-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
In recent years, substantial changes have occurred in the morphology of the
River Tigris within Baghdad City. Although huge volumes of sediment are
being trapped in recently constructed headwater reservoirs, the number of
islands in the Tigris at Baghdad is increasing. The debris of bridges
destroyed in the wars of 1991 and 2003 and their subsequent reconstruction
have enhanced the development of these islands. As a consequence the ability
of the river to carry the peaks of flood waters has been reduced. This has
led to potential increase of flooding in parts of the city.
The bed of the River Tigris has been surveyed on three occasions (1976,
1991, and 2008). The most recent survey was conducted by the Ministry of
Water Resources, extended 49 km from the Al-Muthana Bridge north Baghdad to
the confluence with the Diyala River south Baghdad. It yielded cross-section
profiles at 250 m intervals. The data are used to predict the maximum flood
capacity for the river using the one-dimensional hydraulic model for steady
flow "HEC-RAS" modeling. Calibration of the model was carried out using
field measurements for water levels along the last 15 km of the reach and
the last 10 yr of observation at the Sarai Baghdad gauging station.
The model showed a significant predicted reduction in the current river
capacity below that which the river had carried during the floods of 1971
and 1988. The three surveys conducted on the same reach of the Tigris
indicated that the ability of the river to transport water has decreased. |
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