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| Titel |
Large-scale analysis of changing frequencies of rain-on-snow events with flood-generation potential |
| VerfasserIn |
D. Freudiger, I. Kohn, K. Stahl, M. Weiler |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 18, no. 7 ; Nr. 18, no. 7 (2014-07-24), S.2695-2709 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120416
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-18-2695-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| In January 2011 a rain-on-snow (RoS) event caused floods in the major river
basins in central Europe, i.e. the Rhine, Danube, Weser, Elbe, Oder, and Ems.
This event prompted the questions of how to define a RoS event and whether
those events have become more frequent. Based on the flood of January 2011
and on other known events of the past, threshold values for potentially
flood-generating RoS events were determined. Consequently events with
rainfall of at least 3 mm on a snowpack of at least 10 mm
snow water equivalent (SWE) and for which the sum of rainfall and snowmelt
contains a minimum of 20% snowmelt were analysed. RoS events were
estimated for the time period 1950–2011 and for the entire study area based
on a temperature index snow model driven with a European-scale gridded data
set of daily climate (E-OBS data). Frequencies and magnitudes of the modelled
events differ depending on the elevation range. When distinguishing alpine,
upland, and lowland basins, we found that upland basins are most influenced
by RoS events. Overall, the frequency of rainfall increased during winter,
while the frequency of snowfall decreased during spring. A decrease in the
frequency of RoS events from April to May has been observed in all upland
basins since 1990. In contrast, the results suggest an increasing trend in
the magnitude and frequency of RoS days in January and February for most of
the lowland and upland basins. These results suggest that the flood hazard
from RoS events in the early winter season has increased in the
medium-elevation mountain ranges of central Europe, especially in the Rhine,
Weser, and Elbe river basins. |
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