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| Titel |
Testing the realism of a topography-driven model (FLEX-Topo) in the nested catchments of the Upper Heihe, China |
| VerfasserIn |
H. Gao, M. Hrachowitz, F. Fenicia, S. Gharari, H. H. G. Savenije |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 18, no. 5 ; Nr. 18, no. 5 (2014-05-22), S.1895-1915 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120365
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-18-1895-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Although elevation data are globally available and used in many existing
hydrological models, their information content is still underexploited.
Topography is closely related to geology, soil, climate and land cover. As a
result, it may reflect the dominant hydrological processes in a catchment.
In this study, we evaluated this hypothesis through four progressively more
complex conceptual rainfall-runoff models. The first model (FLEXL) is
lumped, and it does not make use of elevation data. The second model
(FLEXD) is semi-distributed with different parameter sets for different
units. This model uses elevation data indirectly, taking spatially variable
drivers into account. The third model (FLEXT0), also semi-distributed,
makes explicit use of topography information. The structure of FLEXT0
consists of four parallel components representing the distinct hydrological
function of different landscape elements. These elements were determined
based on a topography-based landscape classification approach. The fourth
model (FLEXT) has the same model structure and parameterization as
FLEXT0 but uses realism constraints on parameters and fluxes. All
models have been calibrated and validated at the catchment outlet.
Additionally, the models were evaluated at two sub-catchments. It was found
that FLEXT0 and FLEXT perform better than the other models in
nested sub-catchment validation and they are therefore better spatially
transferable. Among these two models, FLEXT performs better than
FLEXT0 in transferability. This supports the following hypotheses: (1)
topography can be used as an integrated indicator to distinguish between
landscape elements with different hydrological functions; (2) FLEXT0 and
FLEXT are much better equipped to represent the heterogeneity of
hydrological functions than a lumped or semi-distributed model, and hence
they have a more realistic model structure and parameterization; (3) the
soft data used to constrain the model parameters and fluxes in FLEXT
are useful for improving model transferability. Most of the precipitation on
the forested hillslopes evaporates, thus generating relatively little runoff. |
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