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| Titel |
HTAP_v2.2: a mosaic of regional and global emission grid maps for 2008 and 2010 to study hemispheric transport of air pollution |
| VerfasserIn |
G. Janssens-Maenhout, M. Crippa, D. Guizzardi, F. Dentener, M. Muntean, G. Pouliot, T. Keating, Q. Zhang, J. Kurokawa, R. Wankmüller, H. Denier van der Gon, J. J. P. Kuenen, Z. Klimont, G. Frost, S. Darras, B. Koffi, M. Li |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 19 ; Nr. 15, no. 19 (2015-10-15), S.11411-11432 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120097
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-11411-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
The mandate of the Task Force Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP)
under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) is
to improve the scientific understanding of the intercontinental air
pollution transport, to quantify impacts on human health, vegetation and
climate, to identify emission mitigation options across the regions of the
Northern Hemisphere, and to guide future policies on these aspects.
The harmonization and improvement of regional emission inventories is
imperative to obtain consolidated estimates on the formation of global-scale
air pollution. An emissions data set has been constructed using regional
emission grid maps (annual and monthly) for SO2, NOx, CO, NMVOC, NH3, PM10,
PM2.5, BC and OC for the years 2008 and 2010, with the purpose of providing
consistent information to global and regional scale modelling efforts.
This compilation of different regional gridded inventories – including that of the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for USA, the EPA and Environment
Canada (for Canada), the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP)
and Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) for
Europe, and the Model Inter-comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia III) for
China, India and other Asian countries – was gap-filled with the emission
grid maps of the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research
(EDGARv4.3) for the rest of the world (mainly South America, Africa, Russia
and Oceania). Emissions from seven main categories of human activities
(power, industry, residential, agriculture, ground transport, aviation and
shipping) were estimated and spatially distributed on a common grid of
0.1° × 0.1° longitude-latitude, to
yield monthly, global, sector-specific grid maps for each substance and year.
The HTAP_v2.2 air pollutant grid maps are considered to
combine latest available regional information within a complete global
data set. The disaggregation by sectors, high spatial and temporal resolution
and detailed information on the data sources and references used will
provide the user the required transparency. Because HTAP_v2.2
contains primarily official and/or widely used regional emission grid maps,
it can be recommended as a global baseline emission inventory, which is
regionally accepted as a reference and from which different scenarios
assessing emission reduction policies at a global scale could start.
An analysis of country-specific implied emission factors shows a large
difference between industrialised countries and developing countries for
acidifying gaseous air pollutant emissions (SO2 and NOx) from the
energy and industry sectors. This is not observed for the particulate matter
emissions (PM10, PM2.5), which show large differences between
countries in the residential sector instead. The per capita emissions of all
world countries, classified from low to high income, reveal an increase in
level and in variation for gaseous acidifying pollutants, but not for
aerosols. For aerosols, an opposite trend is apparent with higher per capita
emissions of particulate matter for low income countries. |
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