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| Titel |
The CarboCount CH sites: characterization of a dense greenhouse gas observation network |
| VerfasserIn |
B. Oney, S. Henne, N. Gruber, M. Leuenberger, I. Bamberger, W. Eugster, D. Brunner |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 19 ; Nr. 15, no. 19 (2015-10-07), S.11147-11164 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120082
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-11147-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
We describe a new rural network of four densely placed (< 100 km apart),
continuous atmospheric carbon (CO2, CH4, and CO) measurement
sites in north-central Switzerland and analyze its suitability for
regional-scale (~ 100–500 km) carbon flux studies. We
characterize each site for the period from March 2013 to February 2014 by
analyzing surrounding land cover, observed local meteorology, and
sensitivity to surface fluxes, as simulated with the Lagrangian particle
dispersion model FLEXPART-COSMO (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model-Consortium for Small-Scale Modeling).
The Beromünster measurements are made on a tall tower (212 m)
located on a gentle hill. At Beromünster, regional CO2
signals (measurement minus background) vary diurnally from −4 to
+4 ppmv, on average, and are simulated to come from nearly the
entire Swiss Plateau, where 50 % of surface influence is
simulated to be within 130–260 km distance. The Früebüel
site measurements are made 4 m above ground on the flank of
a gently sloping mountain. Nearby (< 50 km) pasture and forest
fluxes exert the most simulated surface influence, except during
convective summertime days when the site is mainly influenced by the
eastern Swiss Plateau, which results in summertime regional
CO2 signals varying diurnally from −5 to +12 ppmv and
elevated summer daytime CH4 signals (+30 ppbv above other
sites). The Gimmiz site measurements are made on a small tower
(32 m) in flat terrain. Here, strong summertime regional signals
(−5 to +60 ppmv CO2) stem from large, nearby (< 50 km)
crop and anthropogenic fluxes of the Seeland region, except
during warm or windy days when simulated surface influence is of
regional scale (< 250 km). The Lägern-Hochwacht measurements
are made on a small tower (32 m) on top of the steep Lägern
crest, where simulated surface influence is typically of regional
scale (130–300 km) causing summertime regional signals to vary
from −5 to +8 ppmv CO2. Here, considerable
anthropogenic influence from the nearby industrialized region near
Zurich causes the average wintertime regional CO2 signals to
be 5 ppmv above the regional signals simultaneously measured at
the Früebüel site.
We find that the suitability of the data sets from our current
observation network for regional carbon budgeting studies largely
depends on the ability of the high-resolution (2 km) atmospheric
transport model to correctly capture the temporal dynamics of the
stratification of the lower atmosphere at the different sites. The
current version of the atmospheric transport model captures these
dynamics well, but it clearly reaches its limits at the sites in
steep topography and at the sites that generally remain in the
surface layer. Trace gas transport and inverse modeling studies
will be necessary to determine the impact of these limitations on
our ability to derive reliable regional-scale carbon flux estimates
in the complex Swiss landscape. |
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