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| Titel |
What is the limit of climate engineering by stratospheric injection of SO2? |
| VerfasserIn |
U. Niemeier, C. Timmreck |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 16 ; Nr. 15, no. 16 (2015-08-18), S.9129-9141 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119971
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-9129-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the stratosphere to form
an artificial stratospheric aerosol layer is discussed as an option for solar
radiation management. The related reduction of radiative forcing depends upon
the injected amount of sulfur dioxide, but aerosol model studies indicate
a decrease in forcing efficiency with increasing injection rate. None of
these studies, however, consider injection rates greater than
20 Tg(S) yr−1. But this would be necessary to counteract the
strong anthropogenic forcing expected if "business as usual" emission
conditions continue throughout this century. To understand the effects of the
injection of larger amounts of SO2, we have calculated the effects of
SO2 injections up to 100 Tg(S) yr−1. We estimate the
reliability of our results through consideration of various injection
strategies and from comparison with results obtained from other models. Our
calculations show that the efficiency of such a geoengineering method,
expressed as the ratio between sulfate aerosol forcing and injection rate,
decays exponentially. This result implies that the sulfate solar radiation
management strategy required to keep temperatures constant at that
anticipated for 2020, while maintaining business as usual conditions,
would require atmospheric injections of approximately
45 Tg(S) yr−1 (±15 % or 7 Tg(S) yr−1) at
a height corresponding to 60 hPa. This emission is equivalent to 5 to
7 times the Mt. Pinatubo eruption each year. |
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