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| Titel |
A global model simulation for 3-D radiative transfer impact on surface hydrology over the Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountains |
| VerfasserIn |
W.-L. Lee, Y. Gu, K. N. Liou, L. R. Leung, H.-H. Hsu |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 10 ; Nr. 15, no. 10 (2015-05-19), S.5405-5413 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119732
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-5405-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We investigate 3-D mountain effects on solar flux distributions and their
impact on surface hydrology over the western United States, specifically the
Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada, using the global CCSM4 (Community Climate System Model version 4; Community Atmosphere Model/Community Land Model – CAM4/CLM4) with a
0.23° × 0.31° resolution for simulations over 6 years.
In a 3-D radiative transfer parameterization, we have updated surface
topography data from a resolution of 1 km to 90 m to improve
parameterization accuracy. In addition, we have also modified the upward-flux
deviation (3-D–PP (plane-parallel)) adjustment to ensure that the energy balance
at the surface is conserved in global climate simulations based on 3-D
radiation parameterization. We show that deviations in the net surface fluxes
are not only affected by 3-D mountains but also influenced by feedbacks of
cloud and snow in association with the long-term simulations. Deviations in
sensible heat and surface temperature generally follow the patterns of net
surface solar flux. The monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) deviations show
an increase in lower elevations due to reduced snowmelt, leading to a
reduction in cumulative runoff. Over higher-elevation areas, negative SWE
deviations are found because of increased solar radiation available at the
surface. Simulated precipitation increases for lower elevations, while
it decreases for higher elevations, with a minimum in April. Liquid runoff
significantly decreases at higher elevations after April due to reduced SWE
and precipitation. |
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