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| Titel |
Spatial and temporal variability of sources of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in California |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Hasheminassab, N. Daher, A. Saffari, D. Wang, B. D. Ostro, C. Sioutas |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 14, no. 22 ; Nr. 14, no. 22 (2014-11-18), S.12085-12097 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119166
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-14-12085-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| To identify major sources of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5, dp < 2.5 μm) and quantify their contributions
in the state of California, a positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor
model was applied on Speciation Trends Network (STN) data, collected between
2002 and 2007 at eight distinct sampling locations, including El Cajon,
Rubidoux, Los Angeles, Simi Valley, Bakersfield, Fresno, San Jose, and
Sacramento. Between five to nine sources of fine PM were identified at each
sampling site, several of which were common among multiple locations.
Secondary aerosols, including secondary ammonium nitrate and ammonium
sulfate, were the most abundant contributor to ambient PM2.5 mass at
all sampling sites, except for San Jose, with an annual average cumulative
contribution of 26 to 63%, across the state. On an annual average basis,
vehicular emissions (including both diesel and gasoline vehicles) were the
largest primary source of fine PM at all sampling sites in southern
California (17–18% of total mass), whereas in Fresno and San Jose,
biomass burning was the most dominant primary contributor to ambient
PM2.5 (27 and 35% of total mass, respectively), in general
agreement with the results of previous source apportionment studies in
California. In Bakersfield and Sacramento, vehicular emissions and biomass
burning displayed relatively equal annual contributions to ambient
PM2.5 mass (12 and 25%, respectively). Other commonly identified
sources at all sites included aged and fresh sea salt and soil, which
contributed to 0.5–13%, 2–27%, and 1–19% of the total mass,
respectively, across all sites and seasons. In addition, a few minor sources
were identified exclusively at some of the sites (e.g., chlorine sources,
sulfate-bearing road dust, and different types of industrial emissions).
These sources overall accounted for a small fraction of the total PM mass
across the sampling locations (1 to 15%, on an annual average basis). |
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