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| Titel |
Top-down estimates of biomass burning emissions of black carbon in the Western United States |
| VerfasserIn |
Y. H. Mao, Q. B. Li, D. Chen, L. Zhang, W.-M. Hao, K.-N. Liou |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 14, no. 14 ; Nr. 14, no. 14 (2014-07-16), S.7195-7211 |
| Datensatznummer |
250118888
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-14-7195-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We estimate biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions
of black carbon (BC) in the western US for May–October 2006 by inverting
surface BC concentrations from the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected
Visual Environment (IMPROVE) network using a global chemical transport
model. We first use active fire counts from the Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to improve the spatiotemporal distributions of the
biomass burning BC emissions from the Global Fire Emissions Database
(GFEDv2). The adjustment primarily shifts emissions from late to middle and
early summer (a 33% decrease in September–October and a 56% increase
in June–August) and leads to appreciable increases in modeled surface BC
concentrations in early and middle summer, especially at the 1–2 and 2–3 km
altitude ranges. We then conduct analytical inversions at both 2° × 2.5°
and 0.5° × 0.667° (nested over North America) horizontal resolutions. The a posteriori biomass burning BC
emissions for July–September are 31.7 Gg at 2° × 2.5°
(an increase by a factor of 4.7) and 19.2 Gg at
0.5° × 0.667° (an increase by a factor of 2.8).
The inversion results are rather sensitive to model resolution. The a posteriori biomass
burning emissions at the two model resolutions differ by a factor of
~6 in California and the Southwest and by a factor of 2 in
the Pacific Northwest. The corresponding a posteriori anthropogenic BC emissions are 9.1 Gg at
2° × 2.5° (a decrease of 48%) and 11.2 Gg
at 0.5° × 0.667° (a decrease of 36%).
Simulated surface BC concentrations with the a posteriori emissions capture the observed
major fire episodes at most sites and the substantial enhancements at the
1–2 and 2–3 km altitude ranges. The a posteriori emissions also lead to large bias
reductions (by ~30% on average at both model resolutions)
in modeled surface BC concentrations and significantly better agreement with
observations (increases in Taylor skill scores of 95% at 2° × 2.5°
and 42 % at 0.5° × 0.667°). |
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