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| Titel |
The 2013 severe haze over southern Hebei, China: model evaluation, source apportionment, and policy implications |
| VerfasserIn |
L. T. Wang, Z. Wei, J. Yang, Y. Zhang, F. F. Zhang, J. Su, C. C. Meng, Q. Zhang |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 14, no. 6 ; Nr. 14, no. 6 (2014-03-31), S.3151-3173 |
| Datensatznummer |
250118533
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-14-3151-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Extremely severe and persistent haze occurred in January 2013 over eastern
and northern China. The record-breaking high concentrations of fine
particulate matter (PM2.5) of more than 700 μg m−3 on
hourly average and the persistence of the episodes have raised widespread,
considerable public concerns. During that period, 7 of the top 10 polluted
cities in China were within the Hebei Province. The three cities in southern
Hebei (Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, and Handan) have been listed as the top three
polluted cities according to the statistics for the first half of the year
2013. In this study, the Mesoscale Modeling System Generation 5 (MM5) and the
Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system are applied
to simulate the 2013 severe winter regional hazes in East Asia and northern
China at horizontal grid resolutions of 36 and 12 km, respectively, using
the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). The source
contributions of major source regions and sectors to PM2.5
concentrations in the three most polluted cities in southern Hebei are
quantified by aiming at the understanding of the sources of the severe haze
pollution in this region, and the results are compared with December 2007,
the haziest month in the period 2001–2010. Model evaluation against
meteorological and air quality observations indicates an overall acceptable
performance and the model tends to underpredict PM2.5 and coarse
particulate matter (PM10) concentrations during the extremely polluted
episodes. The MEIC inventory is proven to be a good estimation in terms of
total emissions of cities but uncertainties exist in the spatial allocations
of emissions into fine grid resolutions within cities. The source
apportionment shows that emissions from northern Hebei and the
Beijing-Tianjin city cluster are two major regional contributors to the
pollution in January 2013 in Shijiazhuang, compared with those from Shanxi
and northern Hebei for December 2007. For Xingtai and Handan, the emissions
from northern Hebei and Henan are important. The industrial and domestic
sources are the most significant local contributors, and the domestic and
agricultural emissions from Shandong and Henan are non-negligible regional
sources, especially for Xingtai and Handan. Even in the top two haziest
months (i.e., January 2013 and December 2007), a large fraction of PM2.5
in the three cities may originate from quite different regional sources.
These results indicate the importance of establishing a regional joint
framework of policymaking and action system to effectively mitigate air
pollution in this area, not only over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, but
also surrounding provinces such as Henan, Shandong, and Shanxi. |
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