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| Titel |
Quantifying environmental stress-induced emissions of algal isoprene and monoterpenes using laboratory measurements |
| VerfasserIn |
N. Meskhidze, A. Sabolis, R. Reed, D. Kamykowski |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 12, no. 3 ; Nr. 12, no. 3 (2015-02-02), S.637-651 |
| Datensatznummer |
250117795
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-12-637-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We report here production rates of isoprene and monoterpene compounds
(α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene and d-limonene) from six
phytoplankton monocultures as a function of irradiance and temperature.
Irradiance experiments were carried out for diatom strains
(Thalassiosira weissflogii and Thalassiosira pseudonana),
prymnesiophyte strains (Pleurochrysis carterae), dinoflagellate
strains (Karenia brevis and Prorocentrum minimum), and
cryptophyte strains (Rhodomonas salina), while temperature
experiments were carried out for diatom strains (Thalassiosira
weissflogii and Thalassiosira pseudonana). Phytoplankton species,
incubated in a climate-controlled room, were subject to variable light (90 to
900 μmol m−2 s−1) and temperature (18 to
30 °C) regimes. Compared to isoprene, monoterpene emissions were an
order of magnitude lower at all light and temperature levels. Emission rates
are normalized by cell count and Chlorophyll a (Chl a) content. Diatom
strains were the largest emitters, with
~ 2 × 10−17 g(cell)−1h−1
(~ 35 μg (g Chl a)−1 h−1) for isoprene and
~ 5 × 10−19 g (cell)−1 h−1
(~ 1 μg (g Chl a)−1) h−1) for α-pinene.
The contribution to the total monoterpene production was ~ 70%
from α-pinene, ~ 20% for d-limonene, and
< 10% for camphene and β-pinene. Phytoplankton species
showed a rapid increase in production rates at low irradiance
(< 150 μmol m−2 s−1) and a gradual increase at
high (> 250 μmol m−2 s−1) irradiance.
Measurements revealed different patterns for time-averaged emissions rates
over two successive days. On the first day, most of the species showed a
distinct increase in production rates within the first 4 h while, on the
second day, the emission rates were overall higher, but less variable. The
data suggest that enhanced amounts of isoprene and monoterpenes are emitted
from phytoplankton as a result of perturbations in environmental conditions
that cause imbalance in chloroplasts and force primary producers to acclimate
physiologically. This relationship could be a valuable tool for development
of dynamic ecosystem modeling approaches for global marine isoprene and
monoterpene emissions based on phytoplankton physiological responses to a
changing environment. |
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