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| Titel |
Modelling the role of fires in the terrestrial carbon balance by incorporating SPITFIRE into the global vegetation model ORCHIDEE – Part 2: Carbon emissions and the role of fires in the global carbon balance |
| VerfasserIn |
C. Yue, P. Ciais, P. Cadule, K. Thonicke, T. T. van Leeuwen |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1991-959X
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Geoscientific Model Development ; 8, no. 5 ; Nr. 8, no. 5 (2015-05-06), S.1321-1338 |
| Datensatznummer |
250116337
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/gmd-8-1321-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Carbon dioxide emissions from wild and anthropogenic fires return the carbon
absorbed by plants to the atmosphere, and decrease the sequestration of
carbon by land ecosystems. Future climate warming will likely increase the
frequency of fire-triggering drought, so that the future terrestrial carbon
uptake will depend on how fires respond to altered climate variation. In this
study, we modelled the role of fires in the global terrestrial carbon balance
for 1901–2012, using the ORCHIDEE global vegetation model equipped with the
SPITFIRE model. We conducted two simulations with and without the fire module
being activated, using a static land cover. The simulated global fire carbon
emissions for 1997–2009 are 2.1 Pg C yr−1, which is close to the
2.0 Pg C yr−1 as estimated by GFED3.1. The simulated land carbon uptake
after accounting for emissions for 2003–2012 is 3.1 Pg C yr−1, which
is within the uncertainty of the residual carbon sink estimation (2.8 ±
0.8 Pg C yr−1). Fires are found to reduce the terrestrial carbon
uptake by 0.32 Pg C yr−1 over 1901–2012, or 20% of the total carbon
sink in a world without fire. The fire-induced land sink reduction
(SRfire) is significantly correlated with climate variability,
with larger sink reduction occurring in warm and dry years, in particular
during El Niño events. Our results suggest a "fire respiration partial
compensation". During the 10 lowest SRfire years
(SRfire = 0.17 Pg C yr−1), fires mainly compensate for the
heterotrophic respiration that would occur in a world without fire. By
contrast, during the 10 highest SRfire fire years
(SRfire = 0.49 Pg C yr−1), fire emissions far exceed their
respiration partial compensation and create a larger reduction in terrestrial
carbon uptake. Our findings have important implications for the future role
of fires in the terrestrial carbon balance, because the capacity of
terrestrial ecosystems to sequester carbon will be diminished by future
climate change characterized by increased frequency of droughts and extreme
El Niño events. |
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