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| Titel |
Measuring SO2 ship emissions with an ultraviolet imaging camera |
| VerfasserIn |
A. J. Prata |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1867-1381
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ; 7, no. 5 ; Nr. 7, no. 5 (2014-05-12), S.1213-1229 |
| Datensatznummer |
250115753
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/amt-7-1213-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Over the last few years fast-sampling ultraviolet (UV) imaging cameras have
been developed for use in measuring SO2 emissions from industrial sources
(e.g. power plants; typical emission rates ~ 1–10 kg s−1) and
natural sources (e.g. volcanoes; typical emission rates
~ 10–100 kg s−1). Generally, measurements have been made from
sources rich in SO2 with high concentrations and emission rates. In this
work, for the first time, a UV camera has been used to measure the much lower
concentrations and emission rates of SO2 (typical emission rates
~ 0.01–0.1 kg s−1) in the plumes from moving and stationary
ships. Some innovations and trade-offs have been made so that estimates of
the emission rates and path concentrations can be retrieved in real time.
Field experiments were conducted at Kongsfjord in Ny Ålesund, Svalbard,
where SO2 emissions from cruise ships were made, and at the port of
Rotterdam, Netherlands, measuring emissions from more than 10 different
container and cargo ships. In all cases SO2 path concentrations could be
estimated and emission rates determined by measuring ship plume speeds
simultaneously using the camera, or by using surface wind speed data from an
independent source. Accuracies were compromised in some cases because of the
presence of particulates in some ship emissions and the restriction of
single-filter UV imagery, a requirement for fast-sampling (> 10 Hz) from
a single camera. Despite the ease of use and ability to determine SO2
emission rates from the UV camera system, the limitation in accuracy and
precision suggest that the system may only be used under rather ideal
circumstances and that currently the technology needs further development to
serve as a method to monitor ship emissions for regulatory purposes. A
dual-camera system or a single, dual-filter camera is required in order to
properly correct for the effects of particulates in ship plumes. |
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