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| Titel |
History of the Munich–Maisach–Fürstenfeldbruck Geomagnetic Observatory |
| VerfasserIn |
H. C. Soffel |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
2190-5010
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: History of Geo- and Space Sciences ; 6, no. 2 ; Nr. 6, no. 2 (2015-07-07), S.65-86 |
| Datensatznummer |
250115492
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hgss-6-65-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The Munich–Maisach–Fürstenfeldbruck Geomagnetic Observatory is one of
the observatories with the longest recordings of the geomagnetic field. It
started with hourly measurements on 1 August 1840. The founder of the
observatory in Munich was Johann von Lamont (1805–1879), the Director of the
Royal Bavarian Astronomical Observatory. He had been stimulated to build his
own observatory by the initiative of the Göttingen Magnetic Union founded
in 1834 by Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) and Carl Friedrich Gauss
(1777–1855). Before 1840 fewer than five observatories existed; the most
prominent ones were those in London and Paris. At the beginning Lamont used
equipment delivered by Gauss in Göttingen, but soon started to build
instruments of his own design. Among them was a nonmagnetic theodolite which
allowed precise geomagnetic measurements to be made also in the field. During
the 1850s Lamont carried out geomagnetic surveys and produced geomagnetic
maps for Germany and many other European countries. At the end of the
nineteenth century accurate geomagnetic measurements in Munich became more
and more disturbed by the magnetic stray fields from electric tramways and
industry. During this period the quality of the data suffered and the
measurements had to be interrupted several times. After a provisional
solution in Maisach, a village 25 km west of Munich, a final solution could
be found in the vicinity of the nearby city of Fürstenfeldbruck. Here the
measurements started again on 1 January 1939. Since the 1980s the observatory
has been part of INTERMAGNET, an organization providing almost real-time
geomagnetic data of the highest quality. |
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