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| Titel |
On the early history of the Finnish Meteorological Institute |
| VerfasserIn |
H. Nevanlinna |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
2190-5010
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: History of Geo- and Space Sciences ; 5, no. 1 ; Nr. 5, no. 1 (2014-03-28), S.75-80 |
| Datensatznummer |
250115308
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hgss-5-75-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
This article is a review of the foundation (in 1838) and later developments
of the Helsinki (Finland) magnetic and meteorological observatory, today the
Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The main focus of the study is in
the early history of the FMI up to the beginning of the 20th century.
The first director of the observatory was Physics Professor Johan Jakob
Nervander (1805–1848). He was a famous person of the Finnish scientific,
academic and cultural community in the early decades of the 19th century.
Finland was an autonomously part of the Russian Empire from 1809 to 1917,
but the observatory remained organizationally under the University of
Helsinki, independent of Russian scientific institutions, and funded by the
Finnish Government. Throughout the late-19th century the Meteorological
Institute was responsible of nationwide meteorological, hydrological and
marine observations and research. The observatory was transferred to the
Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters under the name the Central Meteorological Institute
in 1881. The focus of the work carried out in the Institute was changed
gradually towards meteorology. Magnetic measurements were still continued
but in a lower level of importance.
The culmination of Finnish geophysical achievements in the 19th century was
the participation to the International Polar Year programme in 1882–1883 by
setting up a full-scale meteorological and magnetic observatory in
Sodankylä, Lapland. |
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