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| Titel |
Soil physical restrictions and hydrology regulate stand age and wood biomass turnover rates of Purus–Madeira interfluvial wetlands in Amazonia |
| VerfasserIn |
B. B. L. Cintra, J. Schietti, T. Emillio, D. Martins, G. Moulatlet, P. Souza, C. Levis, C. A. Quesada, J. Schöngart |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 10, no. 11 ; Nr. 10, no. 11 (2013-11-29), S.7759-7774 |
| Datensatznummer |
250085447
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-10-7759-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| In Amazonia, wetlands constitute about 30% of its entire basin, of which
ancient fluvial terraces located in vast interfluvial regions cover a large
portion. Although the increased number of permanent plots in the recent
years has contributed to improved understanding of regional variation in
forest dynamics across the Amazon Basin, the functioning of large lowland
interfluvial wetlands remain poorly understood. Here we present the first
field-based estimate for tree ages, wood biomass productivity and biomass
turnover rates for eight 1 ha plots in wetland and non-flooded forests
distributed along the BR-319 Highway along a distance of about 600 km
crossing the Purus–Madeira rivers interfluvial region in
central-southwestern Amazon Basin. We estimate stand age, wood biomass
productivity and biomass turnover rates combining tree-ring data and an
allometric equation based on diameter, tree height and wood density and
relate these structural parameters to physical soil and hydrological
restrictions. Wood biomass and productivity varied twofold among the plots,
with wood biomass stocks ranging between 138–294 Mg ha−1 and
productivity varying between 3.4–6.6 Mg ha−1 yr−1. Soil effective
depth, topography, structure and mainly soil water saturation significantly
affected stand age (64–103 yr) and forest dynamics in terms of annual
biomass turnover rates (2.0–3.2%). On harsher soils characterized by a
poor structure, low effective depth and high water saturation, biomass
turnover rates were increased and forests stands were younger compared to
well-drained sites. We suggest that soil constraints, especially soil water
saturation, limit the development of the stand structure, resulting in
forests with younger stand ages and higher biomass turnover rates compared
to forests growing on well-drained soils. We do not find, however, any
relation between physical soil restrictions or hydrology and wood biomass
productivity, but there is a trend of increasing wood biomass productivity
and phosphorus concentrations at the soil surface. Based on our results we
establish hypotheses for different dynamical processes between forests
growing on waterlogged and well-drained soils and discuss how these results
can be applied in the background of conservation as well as the potential
development of forest management plans in this region, which will experience
increased deforestation due to the construction of the BR-319 Highway crossing the interfluvial region of the Purus–Madeira rivers. |
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