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| Titel |
Conversion of upland to paddy field specifically alters the community structure of archaeal ammonia oxidizers in an acid soil |
| VerfasserIn |
M. S. Alam, G. D. Ren, L. Lu, Y. Zheng, X. H. Peng, Z. J. Jia |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 10, no. 8 ; Nr. 10, no. 8 (2013-08-30), S.5739-5753 |
| Datensatznummer |
250085316
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-10-5739-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The function of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) depends on
the major energy-generating compounds (i.e., ammonia and oxygen). The
diversification of AOA and AOB communities along ecological gradients of
substrate availability in a complex environment have been much debated but
rarely tested. In this study, two ecosystems of maize and rice crops under
different fertilization regimes were selected to investigate the community
diversification of soil AOA and AOB upon conversion of an upland field to a
paddy field and long-term field fertilization in an acid soil. Real-time
quantitative polymerase chain reaction of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes
demonstrated that the abundance of AOA was significantly stimulated after
conversion of upland to paddy soils for more than 100 yr, whereas a slight
decline in AOB numbers was observed. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprints of amoA genes
further revealed remarkable changes in the community compositions of AOA
after conversion of aerobic upland to flooded paddy field. Sequencing
analysis revealed that upland soil was dominated by AOA within the soil group
1.1b lineage, whereas the marine group 1.1a-associated lineage predominated
in AOA communities in paddy soils. Irrespective of whether the soil was
upland or paddy soil, long-term field fertilization led to increased
abundance of amoA genes in AOA and AOB compared with control
treatments (no fertilization), whereas archaeal amoA gene abundances
outnumbered their bacterial counterparts in all samples. Phylogenetic
analyses of amoA genes showed that Nitrosospira cluster-3-like AOB dominated bacterial ammonia oxidizers in both paddy and upland
soils, regardless of fertilization treatment. The results of this study
suggest that the marine group 1.1a-associated AOA will be better adapted to
the flooded paddy field than AOA ecotypes of the soil group 1.1b lineage, and
indicate that long-term flooding is the dominant selective force driving the
community diversification of AOA populations in the acid soil tested. |
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