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| Titel |
Modeling post-fire water erosion mitigation strategies |
| VerfasserIn |
M. C. Rulli, L. Offeddu, M. Santini |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 17, no. 6 ; Nr. 17, no. 6 (2013-06-27), S.2323-2337 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018908
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-17-2323-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
Severe wildfires are often followed by significant increase in runoff
and erosion, due to vegetation damage and changes in physical and chemical
soil properties. Peak flows and sediment yields can increase up to two orders
of magnitude, becoming dangerous for human lives and the ecosystem, especially in
the wildland–urban interface. Watershed post-fire rehabilitation measures are
usually used to mitigate the effects of fire on runoff and erosion, by protecting
soil from splash and shear stress detachment and enhancing its infiltration
capacity. Modeling post-fire erosion and erosion mitigation strategies can be
useful in selecting the effectiveness of a rehabilitation method. In this
paper a distributed model based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation
(RUSLE), properly parameterized for a Mediterranean basin located in Sardinia,
is used to determine soil losses for six different scenarios describing both natural
and post-fire basin condition, the last also accounting for the single and
combined effect of different erosion mitigation measures. Fire effect on
vegetation and soil properties have been mimed by changing soil drainage
capacity and organic matter content, and RUSLE factors related to soil
cover and protection measures.
Model results, validated using measured data on erosion rates from
the literature and in situ field campaigns, show the effect of the analyzed
rehabilitation treatments in reducing the amount of soil losses with the
peculiar characteristics of the spatial distribution of such changes. In
particular, the mulching treatment substantially decreases erosion both in
its mean value (−75%) and in the spatially distribution of the erosion
levels over the burned area . On the contrary, the breaking up of the
hydrophobic layer decreases post-fire mean soil losses of about the 14%,
although it strongly influences the spatial distribution of the erosion levels. |
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