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| Titel |
Multi-variable evaluation of hydrological model predictions for a headwater basin in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
| VerfasserIn |
X. Fang, J. W. Pomeroy, C. R. Ellis, M. K. MacDonald, C. M. DeBeer, T. Brown |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 17, no. 4 ; Nr. 17, no. 4 (2013-04-30), S.1635-1659 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018862
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-17-1635-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| One of the purposes of the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform
(CRHM) is to diagnose inadequacies in the understanding of the hydrological
cycle and its simulation. A physically based hydrological model including a
full suite of snow and cold regions hydrology processes as well as warm
season, hillslope and groundwater hydrology was developed in CRHM for
application in the Marmot Creek Research Basin (~ 9.4 km2),
located in the Front Ranges of the Canadian Rocky Mountains.
Parameters were selected from digital elevation model, forest, soil, and
geological maps, and from the results of many cold regions hydrology studies
in the region and elsewhere. Non-calibrated simulations were conducted for
six hydrological years during the period 2005–2011 and were compared with detailed
field observations of several hydrological cycle components. The results
showed good model performance for snow accumulation and snowmelt compared to
the field observations for four seasons during the period 2007–2011, with a small bias
and normalised root mean square difference (NRMSD) ranging from 40 to 42%
for the subalpine conifer forests and from 31 to 67% for the alpine
tundra and treeline larch forest environments. Overestimation or
underestimation of the peak SWE ranged from 1.6 to 29%. Simulations
matched well with the observed unfrozen moisture fluctuation in the top soil
layer at a lodgepole pine site during the period 2006–2011, with a NRMSD ranging from
17 to 39%, but with consistent overestimation of 7 to 34%.
Evaluations of seasonal streamflow during the period 2006–2011 revealed that the model
generally predicted well compared to observations at the basin scale, with a
NRMSD of 60% and small model bias (1%), while at the sub-basin scale
NRMSDs were larger, ranging from 72 to 76%, though overestimation or
underestimation for the cumulative seasonal discharge was within 29%.
Timing of discharge was better predicted at the Marmot Creek basin outlet,
having a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.58 compared to the outlets of
the sub-basins where NSE ranged from 0.2 to 0.28. The Pearson product-moment
correlation coefficient of 0.15 and 0.17 for comparisons between the
simulated groundwater storage and observed groundwater level fluctuation at
two wells indicate weak but positive correlations. The model results are
encouraging for uncalibrated prediction and indicate research priorities to
improve simulations of snow accumulation at treeline, groundwater dynamics,
and small-scale runoff generation processes in this environment. The study
shows that improved hydrological cycle model prediction can be derived from
improved hydrological understanding and therefore is a model that can be
applied for prediction in ungauged basins. |
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