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| Titel |
Dynamics of the chemical composition of rainwater throughout Hurricane Irene |
| VerfasserIn |
K. M. Mullaugh, J. D. Willey, R. J. Kieber, R. N. Mead, G. B. Avery |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 13, no. 5 ; Nr. 13, no. 5 (2013-03-01), S.2321-2330 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018457
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-13-2321-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Sequential sampling of rainwater from Hurricane Irene was carried out in
Wilmington, NC, USA on 26 and 27 August 2011. Eleven samples were analyzed
for pH, major ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Na+,
K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4+), dissolved organic carbon
(DOC) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Hurricane Irene contributed
16% of the total rainwater and 18% of the total chloride wet
deposition received in Wilmington NC during all of 2011. This work
highlights the main physical factors influencing the chemical composition of
tropical storm rainwater: wind speed, wind direction, back trajectory and
vertical mixing, time of day and total rain volume. Samples collected early
in the storm, when winds blew out of the east, contained dissolved
components indicative of marine sources (salts from sea spray and low DOC).
The sea-salt components in the samples had two maxima in concentration during
the storm the first of which occurred before the volume of rain had
sufficiently washed out sea salt from the atmosphere and the second when back
trajectories showed large volumes of marine surface air were lifted. As the
storm progressed and winds shifted to a westerly direction, the chemical
composition of the rainwater became characteristic of terrestrial storms
(high DOC and NH4+ and low sea salt). This work demonstrates that
tropical storms are not only responsible for significant wet deposition of
marine components to land, but terrestrial components can also become
entrained in rainwater, which can then be delivered to coastal waters via
wet deposition. This study also underscores why analysis of one composite
sample can lead to an incomplete interpretation of the factors that
influence the chemically divergent analytes in rainwater during extreme
weather events. |
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