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| Titel |
Comparing historical and modern methods of sea surface temperature measurement – Part 1: Review of methods, field comparisons and dataset adjustments |
| VerfasserIn |
J. B. R. Matthews |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1812-0784
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Ocean Science ; 9, no. 4 ; Nr. 9, no. 4 (2013-07-30), S.683-694 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018112
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/os-9-683-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Sea surface temperature (SST) has been obtained from a variety of different
platforms, instruments and depths over the past 150 yr. Modern-day
platforms include ships, moored and drifting buoys and satellites. Shipboard
methods include temperature measurement of seawater sampled by bucket and
flowing through engine cooling water intakes.
Here I review SST measurement methods, studies analysing shipboard methods
by field or lab experiment and adjustments applied to historical SST
datasets to account for variable methods. In general, bucket temperatures
have been found to average a few tenths of a °C cooler than
simultaneous engine intake temperatures. Field and lab experiments
demonstrate that cooling of bucket samples prior to measurement provides a
plausible explanation for negative average bucket-intake differences. These
can also be credibly attributed to systematic errors in intake temperatures,
which have been found to average overly-warm by >0.5 °C on some vessels. However, the precise origin of non-zero average
bucket-intake differences reported in field studies is often unclear, given
that additional temperatures to those from the buckets and intakes have
rarely been obtained. Supplementary accurate in situ temperatures are
required to reveal individual errors in bucket and intake temperatures, and
the role of near-surface temperature gradients. There is a need for further
field experiments of the type reported in Part 2 to address this and other
limitations of previous studies. |
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