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| Titel |
Sea surface freshening inferred from SMOS and ARGO salinity: impact of rain |
| VerfasserIn |
J. Boutin, N. Martin, G. Reverdin, X. Yin, F. Gaillard |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1812-0784
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Ocean Science ; 9, no. 1 ; Nr. 9, no. 1 (2013-02-22), S.183-192 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018002
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/os-9-183-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The sea surface salinity (SSS) measured from space by the Soil Moisture and
Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission has recently been revisited by the European
Space Agency first campaign reprocessing. We show that, with respect to the
previous version, biases close to land and ice greatly decrease. The accuracy
of SMOS SSS averaged over 10 days, 100 × 100 km2 in the open
ocean and estimated by comparison to ARGO (Array for Real-Time Geostrophic Oceanography) SSS is on the order of 0.3–0.4 in
tropical and subtropical regions and 0.5 in a cold region. The averaged
negative SSS bias (−0.1) observed in the tropical Pacific Ocean between
5° N and 15° N, relatively to other regions, is suppressed
when SMOS observations concomitant with rain events, as detected from SSM/Is (Special Sensor Microwave Imager)
rain rates, are removed from the SMOS–ARGO comparisons. The SMOS freshening
is linearly correlated to SSM/Is rain rate with a slope estimated to
−0.14 mm−1 h, after correction for rain atmospheric
contribution. This tendency is the signature of the temporal SSS variability
between the time of SMOS and ARGO measurements linked to rain variability and
of the vertical salinity stratification between the first centimeter of the
sea surface layer sampled by SMOS and the 5 m depth sampled by ARGO.
However, given that the whole set of collocations includes situations with
ARGO measurements concomitant with rain events collocated with SMOS
measurements under no rain, the mean −0.1 bias and the negative skewness of
the statistical distribution of SMOS minus ARGO SSS difference are very
likely the mean signature of the vertical salinity stratification. In the
future, the analysis of ongoing in situ salinity measurements in the top
50 cm of the sea surface and of Aquarius satellite SSS are expected to
provide complementary information about the sea surface salinity
stratification. |
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