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| Titel |
Composition and evolution of volcanic aerosol from eruptions of Kasatochi, Sarychev and Eyjafjallajökull in 2008–2010 based on CARIBIC observations |
| VerfasserIn |
S. M. Andersson, B. G. Martinsson, J. Friberg, C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, A. Rauthe-Schöch, M. Hermann, P. F. J. Velthoven, A. Zahn |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 13, no. 4 ; Nr. 13, no. 4 (2013-02-18), S.1781-1796 |
| Datensatznummer |
250017660
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-13-1781-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Large volcanic eruptions impact significantly on climate and lead to ozone
depletion due to injection of particles and gases into the stratosphere
where their residence times are long. In this the composition of volcanic
aerosol is an important but inadequately studied factor. Samples of
volcanically influenced aerosol were collected following the Kasatochi
(Alaska), Sarychev (Russia) and also during the Eyjafjallajökull
(Iceland) eruptions in the period 2008–2010. Sampling was conducted by the
CARIBIC platform during regular flights at an altitude of 10–12 km as well
as during dedicated flights through the volcanic clouds from the eruption of
Eyjafjallajökull in spring 2010. Elemental concentrations of the
collected aerosol were obtained by accelerator-based analysis. Aerosol from
the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic clouds was identified by high
concentrations of sulphur and elements pointing to crustal origin, and
confirmed by trajectory analysis. Signatures of volcanic influence were also
used to detect volcanic aerosol in stratospheric samples collected following
the Sarychev and Kasatochi eruptions. In total it was possible to identify
17 relevant samples collected between 1 and more than 100 days following the
eruptions studied. The volcanically influenced aerosol mainly consisted of
ash, sulphate and included a carbonaceous component. Samples collected in
the volcanic cloud from Eyjafjallajökull were dominated by the ash and
sulphate component (∼45% each) while samples collected in
the tropopause region and LMS mainly consisted of sulphate (50–77%) and
carbon (21–43%). These fractions were increasing/decreasing with the age
of the aerosol. Because of the long observation period, it was possible to
analyze the evolution of the relationship between the ash and sulphate
components of the volcanic aerosol. From this analysis the residence time
(1/e) of sulphur dioxide in the studied volcanic cloud was estimated to be
45 ± 22 days. |
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