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    | Titel | Long-term hmF2 trends in the Eurasian longitudinal sector from the ground-based ionosonde observations |  
    | VerfasserIn | D. Marin, A. V. Mikhailov, B. A. Morena, M. Herraiz |  
    | Medientyp | Artikel 
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    | Sprache | Englisch 
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    | ISSN | 0992-7689 
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    | Digitales Dokument | URL |  
    | Erschienen | In: Annales Geophysicae ; 19, no. 7 ; Nr. 19, no. 7, S.761-772 |  
    | Datensatznummer | 250014287 
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    | Publikation (Nr.) |  copernicus.org/angeo-19-761-2001.pdf |  
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        | Zusammenfassung |  
        | The method earlier used
 for the foF2 long-term trends analysis is applied to reveal hmF2
 long-term trends at 27 ionosonde stations in the European and Asian
 longitudinal sectors. Observed M(3000)F2 data for the last 3 solar cycles are
 used to derive hmF2 trends. The majority of the studied stations show
 significant hmF2 linear trends with a confidence level of at least 95%
 for the period after 1965, with most of these trends being positive. No
 systematic variation of the trend magnitude with latitude is revealed, but some
 longitudinal effect does take place. The proposed geomagnetic storm concept to
 explain hmF2 long-term trends proceeds from a natural origin of the
 trends rather than an artificial one related to the thermosphere cooling due to
 the greenhouse effect. 
 Key words. Ionosphere
 (ionosphere-atmosphere interaction)
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