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| Titel |
Improving the snow physics of WEB-DHM and its point evaluation at the SnowMIP sites |
| VerfasserIn |
M. Shrestha, L. Wang, T. Koike, Y. Xue, Y. Hirabayashi |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 14, no. 12 ; Nr. 14, no. 12 (2010-12-15), S.2577-2594 |
| Datensatznummer |
250012532
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-14-2577-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| In this study, the snow physics of a distributed biosphere hydrological
model, referred to as the Water and Energy Budget based Distributed
Hydrological Model (WEB-DHM) is significantly improved by incorporating the
three-layer physically based energy balance snowmelt model of Simplified
Simple Biosphere 3 (SSiB3) and the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme
(BATS) albedo scheme. WEB-DHM with improved snow physics is hereafter termed
WEB-DHM-S. Since the in-situ observations of spatially-distributed snow variables
with high resolution are currently not available over large regions, the new
distributed system (WEB-DHM-S) is at first rigorously tested with
comprehensive point measurements. The stations used for evaluation comprise
the four open sites of the Snow Model Intercomparison Project (SnowMIP)
phase 1 with different climate characteristics (Col de Porte in France,
Weissfluhjoch in Switzerland, Goose Bay in Canada and Sleepers River in USA)
and one open/forest site of the SnowMIP phase 2 (Hitsujigaoka in Japan). The
comparisons of the snow depth, snow water equivalent, surface temperature,
snow albedo and snowmelt runoff at the SnowMIP1 sites reveal that WEB-DHM-S,
in general, is capable of simulating the internal snow process better than
the original WEB-DHM. Sensitivity tests (through incremental addition of
model processes) are performed to illustrate the necessity of improvements
over WEB-DHM and indicate that both the 3-layer snow module and the new
albedo scheme are essential. The canopy effects on snow processes are
studied at the Hitsujigaoka site of the SnowMIP2 showing that the snow
holding capacity of the canopy plays a vital role in simulating the snow
depth on ground. Through these point evaluations and sensitivity studies,
WEB-DHM-S has demonstrated the potential to address basin-scale snow
processes (e.g., the snowmelt runoff), since it inherits the distributed
hydrological framework from the WEB-DHM (e.g., the slope-driven runoff
generation with a grid-hillslope scheme, and the flow routing in the river
network). |
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