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| Titel |
Source apportionment of the carbonaceous aerosol in Norway – quantitative estimates based on 14C, thermal-optical and organic tracer analysis |
| VerfasserIn |
K. E. Yttri, D. Simpson, K. Stenström, H. Puxbaum, T. Svendby |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 11, no. 17 ; Nr. 11, no. 17 (2011-09-09), S.9375-9394 |
| Datensatznummer |
250010069
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-11-9375-2011.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
In the present study, source apportionment of the ambient summer
and winter time particulate carbonaceous matter (PCM) in aerosol
particles (PM1 and PM10) has been conducted for the Norwegian urban
and rural background environment. Statistical treatment of data from
thermal-optical, 14C and organic tracer analysis using Latin Hypercube
Sampling has allowed for quantitative estimates of seven different sources
contributing to the ambient carbonaceous aerosol. These are: elemental
carbon from combustion of biomass (ECbb) and fossil fuel (ECff),
primary and secondary organic carbon arising from combustion of
biomass (OCbb) and fossil fuel (OCff), primary biological aerosol
particles (OCPBAP, which includes plant debris, OCpbc, and fungal
spores, OCpbs), and secondary organic aerosol from biogenic precursors
(OCBSOA).
Our results show that emissions from natural sources were particularly
abundant in summer, and with a more pronounced influence at the rural
compared to the urban background site. 80% of total carbon (TCp,
corrected for the positive artefact) in PM10 and ca. 70% of TCpin
PM1 could be attributed to natural sources at the rural background site
in summer. Natural sources account for about 50% of TCp in PM10
at the urban background site as well. The natural source contribution
was always dominated by OCBSOA, regardless of season, site and size
fraction. During winter anthropogenic sources totally dominated the
carbonaceous aerosol (80–90%). Combustion of biomass contributed
slightly more than fossil-fuel sources in winter, whereas emissions from
fossil-fuel sources were more abundant in summer.
Mass closure calculations show that PCM made significant contributions to the mass concentration of the ambient PM regardless of
size fraction, season, and site. A larger fraction of PM1 (ca. 40–60%) was
accounted for by carbonaceous matter compared to PM10 (ca. 40–50%), but
only by a small margin. In general, there were no pronounced differences
in the relative contribution of carbonaceous matter to PM with respect
to season or between the two sites. |
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