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| Titel |
Anthropogenic and natural constituents in particulate matter in the Netherlands |
| VerfasserIn |
E. P. Weijers, M. Schaap, L. Nguyen, J. Matthijsen, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, H. M. Brink, R. Hoogerbrugge |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 11, no. 5 ; Nr. 11, no. 5 (2011-03-14), S.2281-2294 |
| Datensatznummer |
250009459
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-11-2281-2011.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| To develop mitigation strategies for reducing concentrations of both
PM2.5 and PM10, the origin of particulate matter (PM) needs to be
established. An intensive, one-year measurement campaign from August 2007 to
August 2008 was carried out to determine the composition of PM10 and
PM2.5 at five locations in the Netherlands, aiming at reducing the
uncertainties on the origin of PM. Generally, a considerable conformity in
the chemical composition of PM2.5 (and PM10) is observed. From all
constituents present in PM2.5, the secondary inorganic aerosol is the
most dominant (42–48%), followed by the total carbonaceous matter
(22–37%). Contributions from sea salt (maximum 8%), mineral dust and
metals (maximum 5%) are relatively low. For the first time, a detailed
overview of the composition of the coarse fraction can be presented.
Compared to the fine fraction, contributions of sea salt, mineral dust and
metals are larger resulting in a more balanced distribution between the
various constituents. Through mass closure a considerable part of the PM
mass could be defined (PM2.5: 80–94%). The chemical distribution on
days with high PM levels shows a distinct increase in nitrate as well as in
the unaccounted mass. Contributions of the other constituents remain equal
or are lower (sea salt) when expressed in percentages. A correspondence
between nitrate and the unaccounted mass is observed hinting at the presence
of water on the filters. The contribution from natural sources in the
Netherlands (at a rural station) was estimated to be 19 to 24% for
PM10 and 13 to 17% for PM2.5. |
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