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| Titel |
Hydrologic effects of land and water management in North America and Asia: 1700-1992 |
| VerfasserIn |
I. Haddeland, T. Skaugen, D. P. Lettenmaier |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 11, no. 2 ; Nr. 11, no. 2 (2007-03-29), S.1035-1045 |
| Datensatznummer |
250009231
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-11-1035-2007.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The hydrologic effects of land use changes, dams, and irrigation in North
America and Asia over the past 300 years are studied using a macroscale
hydrologic model. The simulation results indicate that the expansion of
croplands over the last three centuries has resulted in 2.5 and 6 percent
increases in annual runoff volumes for North America and Asia, respectively,
and that these increases in runoff to some extent have been compensated by
increased evapotranspiration caused by irrigation practices. Averaged over
the year and the continental scale, the accumulated anthropogenic impacts on
surface water fluxes are hence relatively minor. However, for some regions
within the continents human activities have altered hydrologic regimes
profoundly. Reservoir operations and irrigation practices in the western
part of USA and Mexico have resulted in a 25 percent decrease in runoff in
June, and a 9 percent decrease in annual runoff volumes reaching the Pacific
Ocean. In the area in South East Asia draining to the Pacific Ocean, land
use changes have caused an increase in runoff volumes throughout the year,
and the average annual increase in runoff is 12 percent. |
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