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| Titel |
Analysis of emission data from global commercial aviation: 2004 and 2006 |
| VerfasserIn |
J. T. Wilkerson, M. Z. Jacobson, A. Malwitz, S. Balasubramanian, R. Wayson, G. Fleming, A. D. Naiman, S. K. Lele |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 10, no. 13 ; Nr. 10, no. 13 (2010-07-14), S.6391-6408 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008625
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-10-6391-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The global commercial aircraft fleet in 2006 flew 31.26 million flights,
burned 188.20 million metric tons of fuel, and covered 38.68 billion
kilometers. This activity emitted substantial amounts of fossil-fuel
combustion products within the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere that
affect atmospheric composition and climate. The emissions products, such as
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur compounds, and
particulate matter, are not emitted uniformly over the Earth, so
understanding the temporal and spatial distributions is important for
modeling aviation's climate impacts. Global commercial aircraft emission
data for 2004 and 2006, provided by the Volpe National Transportation
Systems Center, were computed using the Federal Aviation Administration's
Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT). Continuous improvement in
methodologies, including changes in AEDT's horizontal track methodologies,
and an increase in availability of data make some differences between the
2004 and 2006 inventories incomparable. Furthermore, the 2004 inventory
contained a significant over-count due to an imperfect data merge and
daylight savings error. As a result, the 2006 emissions inventory is
considered more representative of actual flight activity. Here, we analyze
both 2004 and 2006 emissions, focusing on the latter, and provide corrected
totals for 2004. Analysis of 2006 flight data shows that 92.5% of
fuel was burned in the Northern Hemisphere, 69.0% between 30N and 60N
latitudes, and 74.6% was burned above 7 km. This activity led to
162.25 Tg of carbon from CO2 emitted globally in 2006, more than half
over three regions: the United States (25.5%), Europe (14.6), and
East Asia (11.1). Despite receiving less than one percent of global
emissions, the Arctic receives a uniformly dispersed concentration of
emissions with 95.2% released at altitude where they have longer
residence time than surface emissions. Finally, 85.2% of all flights
by number in 2006 were short-haul missions, yet those flights were
responsible for only 39.7% of total carbon from CO2. The
following is a summary of these data which illustrates the global and
regional aviation emissions footprints for 2004 and 2006, and provides
temporal and spatial distribution statistics. |
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