 |
| Titel |
Anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing in Asia derived from regional models with atmospheric and aerosol data assimilation |
| VerfasserIn |
C. E. Chung, V. Ramanathan, G. Carmichael, S. Kulkarni, Y. Tang, B. Adhikary, L. R. Leung, Y. Qian |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 10, no. 13 ; Nr. 10, no. 13 (2010-07-05), S.6007-6024 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008599
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-10-6007-2010.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
An estimate of monthly 3-D aerosol solar heating rates and surface solar
fluxes in Asia from 2001 to 2004 is described here. This product stems from
an Asian aerosol assimilation project, in which a) the PNNL regional model
bounded by the NCEP reanalyses was used to provide meteorology, b) MODIS and
AERONET data were integrated for aerosol observations, c) the Iowa
aerosol/chemistry model STEM-2K1 used the PNNL meteorology and assimilated
aerosol observations, and d) 3-D (X-Y-Z) aerosol simulations from the
STEM-2K1 were used in the Scripps Monte-Carlo Aerosol Cloud Radiation (MACR)
model to produce total and anthropogenic aerosol direct solar forcing for
average cloudy skies. The MACR model and STEM-2K1 both used the PNNL model
resolution of 0.45°×0.4° in the horizontal and of 23
layers in the troposphere.
The 2001–2004 averaged anthropogenic all-sky aerosol forcing is
−1.3 Wm−2 (TOA), +7.3 Wm−2 (atmosphere) and −8.6 Wm−2 (surface)
averaged in Asia (60–138° E and Equator–45° N). In the absence of
AERONET SSA assimilation, absorbing aerosol concentration (especially BC
aerosol) is much smaller, giving −2.3 Wm−2 (TOA), +4.5 Wm−2
(atmosphere) and −6.8 Wm−2 (surface), averaged in Asia. In the
vertical, monthly forcing is mainly concentrated below 600 hPa with maximum
around 800 hPa. Seasonally, low-level forcing is far larger in dry season
than in wet season in South Asia, whereas the wet season forcing exceeds the
dry season forcing in East Asia. The anthropogenic forcing in the present
study is similar to that in Chung et al. (2005) in overall magnitude but the former
offers fine-scale features and simulated vertical profiles. The interannual
variability of the computed anthropogenic forcing is significant and
extremely large over major emission outflow areas. Given the interannual
variability, the present study's estimate is within the implicated range of
the 1999 INDOEX result. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|