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| Titel |
Multi-criteria site selection for fire services: the interaction with analytic hierarchy process and geographic information systems |
| VerfasserIn |
T. Erden, M. Z. Coşkun |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 10, no. 10 ; Nr. 10, no. 10 (2010-10-08), S.2127-2134 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008445
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-10-2127-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| This study combines AHP and GIS to provide decision makers with a model to
ensure optimal site location(s) for fire stations selected. The roles of AHP
and GIS in determining optimal locations are explained, criteria for site
selection are outlined, and case study results for finding the optimal fire
station locations in Istanbul, Turkey are included. The city of Istanbul has
about 13 million residents and is the largest and most populated city in
Turkey. The rapid and constant growth of Istanbul has resulted in the
increased number of fire related cases. Fire incidents tend to increase year
by year in parallel with city expansion, population and hazardous material
facilities. Istanbul has seen a rise in reported fire incidents from 12 769
in 1994 to 30 089 in 2009 according to the interim report of Istanbul
Metropolitan Municipality Department of Fire Brigade. The average response
time was approximately 7 min 3 s in 2009. The goal of this study is to
propose optimal sites for new fire station creation to allow the Fire Brigade
in Istanbul to reduce the average response time to 5 min or less. After
determining the necessity of suggesting additional fire stations, the
following steps are taken into account: six criteria are considered in this
analysis. They are: High Population Density (HPD); Proximity to Main Roads
(PMR); Distance from Existing Fire Stations (DEF); Distance from Hazardous
Material Facilities (DHM); Wooden Building Density (WBD); and Distance from
the Areas Subjected to Earthquake Risk (DER). DHM criterion, with the weight
of 40%, is the most important criterion in this analysis. The remaining
criteria have a weight range from 9% to 16%. Moreover, the following steps
are performed: representation of criterion map layers in GIS environment;
classification of raster datasets; calculating the result raster map
(suitability map for potential fire stations); and offering a model that
supports decision makers in selecting fire station sites. The existing
35 fire stations are used and 17 fire stations are newly suggested in the
study area. |
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