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| Titel |
Estimates of biomass burning emissions in tropical Asia based on satellite-derived data |
| VerfasserIn |
D. Chang, Y. Song |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 10, no. 5 ; Nr. 10, no. 5 (2010-03-08), S.2335-2351 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008173
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-10-2335-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Biomass burning in tropical Asia emits large amounts of
trace gases and particulate matter into the atmosphere, which has
significant implications for atmospheric chemistry and climatic change. In
this study, emissions from open biomass burning over tropical Asia were
evaluated during seven fire years from 2000 to 2006 (1 March 2000–31
February 2007). The size of the burned areas was estimated from newly
published 1-km L3JRC and 500-m MODIS burned area products (MCD45A1).
Available fuel loads and emission factors were assigned to each vegetation
type in a GlobCover characterisation map, and fuel moisture content was
taken into account when calculating combustion factors. Over the whole
period, both burned areas and fire emissions showed clear spatial and
seasonal variations. The size of the L3JRC burned areas ranged from 36 031 km2
in fire year 2005 to 52 303 km2 in 2001, and the MCD45A1 burned
areas ranged from 54 790 km2 in fire year 2001 to 148 967 km2 in
2004. Comparisons of L3JRC and MCD45A1 burned areas using ground-based
measurements and other satellite data were made in several major burning
regions, and the results suggest that MCD45A1 generally performed better
than L3JRC, although with a certain degree of underestimation in forest
areas. The average annual L3JRC-based emissions were 123 (102–152), 12
(9–15), 1.0 (0.7–1.3), 1.9 (1.4–2.6), 0.11 (0.09–0.12), 0.89
(0.63–1.21), 0.043 (0.036–0.053), 0.021 (0.021–0.023), 0.41 (0.34–0.52),
3.4 (2.6–4.3), and 3.6 (2.8–4.7) Tg yr−1 for CO2, CO, CH4,
NMHCs, NOx, NH3, SO2, BC, OC, PM2.5, and PM10,
respectively, whereas MCD45A1-based emissions were 122 (108–144), 9.3
(7.7–11.7), 0.63 (0.46–0.86), 1.1 (0.8–1.6), 0.11 (0.10–0.13), 0.54
(0.38–0.76), 0.043 (0.038–0.051), 0.033 (0.032–0.037), 0.39 (0.34–0.47),
3.0 (2.6–3.7), and 3.3 (2.8–4.0) Tg yr−1. Forest burning was
identified as the major source of the fire emissions due to its high carbon
density. Although agricultural burning was the second highest contributor,
it is possible that some crop residue combustion was missed by satellite
observations. This possibility is supported by comparisons with previously
published data, and this result may be due to the small size of the field
crop residue burning. Fire emissions were mainly concentrated in Indonesia,
India, Myanmar, and Cambodia. Furthermore, the peak in the size of the
burned area was generally found in the early fire season, whereas the
maximum fire emissions often occurred in the late fire season. |
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