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| Titel |
Evaluation of black carbon estimations in global aerosol models |
| VerfasserIn |
D. Koch, M. Schulz, S. Kinne, C. McNaughton, J. R. Spackman, Y. Balkanski, S. Bauer, T. Berntsen, T. C. Bond, O. Boucher, M. Chin, A. Clarke, N. Luca, F. Dentener, T. Diehl, O. Dubovik, R. Easter, D. W. Fahey, J. Feichter, D. Fillmore, S. Freitag, S. Ghan, P. Ginoux, S. Gong, L. Horowitz, T. Iversen, A. Kirkevåg, Z. Klimont, Y. Kondo, M. Krol, X. Liu, R. Miller, V. Montanaro, N. Moteki, G. Myhre, J. E. Penner, J. Perlwitz, G. Pitari, S. Reddy, L. Sahu, H. Sakamoto, G. Schuster, J. P. Schwarz, Ø. Seland, P. Stier, N. Takegawa, T. Takemura, C. Textor, J. A. van Aardenne, Y. Zhao |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 9, no. 22 ; Nr. 9, no. 22 (2009-11-27), S.9001-9026 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007774
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-9-9001-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We evaluate black carbon (BC) model predictions from the AeroCom model
intercomparison project by considering the diversity among year 2000 model
simulations and comparing model predictions with available measurements.
These model-measurement intercomparisons include BC surface and aircraft
concentrations, aerosol absorption optical depth (AAOD) retrievals from
AERONET and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and BC column estimations
based on AERONET. In regions other than Asia, most models are biased high
compared to surface concentration measurements. However compared with
(column) AAOD or BC burden retreivals, the models are generally biased low.
The average ratio of model to retrieved AAOD is less than 0.7 in South
American and 0.6 in African biomass burning regions; both of these regions
lack surface concentration measurements. In Asia the average model to
observed ratio is 0.7 for AAOD and 0.5 for BC surface concentrations.
Compared with aircraft measurements over the Americas at latitudes between 0
and 50N, the average model is a factor of 8 larger than observed, and most
models exceed the measured BC standard deviation in the mid to upper
troposphere. At higher latitudes the average model to aircraft BC ratio is
0.4 and models underestimate the observed BC loading in the lower and middle
troposphere associated with springtime Arctic haze. Low model bias for AAOD
but overestimation of surface and upper atmospheric BC concentrations at
lower latitudes suggests that most models are underestimating BC absorption
and should improve estimates for refractive index, particle size, and
optical effects of BC coating. Retrieval uncertainties and/or differences
with model diagnostic treatment may also contribute to the model-measurement
disparity. Largest AeroCom model diversity occurred in northern Eurasia and
the remote Arctic, regions influenced by anthropogenic sources. Changing
emissions, aging, removal, or optical properties within a single model
generated a smaller change in model predictions than the range represented
by the full set of AeroCom models. Upper tropospheric concentrations of BC
mass from the aircraft measurements are suggested to provide a unique new
benchmark to test scavenging and vertical dispersion of BC in global models. |
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