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| Titel |
Linking agricultural crop management and air quality models for regional to national-scale nitrogen assessments |
| VerfasserIn |
E. J. Cooter, J. O. Bash, V. Benson, L. Ran |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 9, no. 10 ; Nr. 9, no. 10 (2012-10-19), S.4023-4035 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007335
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-9-4023-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| While nitrogen (N) is an essential element for life, human population growth
and demands for energy, transportation and food can lead to excess nitrogen
in the environment. A modeling framework is described and implemented to
promote a more integrated, process-based and system-level approach to the
estimation of ammonia (NH3) emissions which result from the application of
inorganic nitrogen fertilizers to agricultural soils in the United States.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Environmental Policy
Integrated Climate (EPIC) model is used to simulate plant demand-driven
fertilizer applications to commercial cropland throughout the continental US.
This information is coupled with a process-based air quality model to produce
continental-scale NH3 emission estimates. Regional cropland NH3
emissions are driven by the timing and amount of inorganic NH3
fertilizer applied, soil processes, local meteorology, and ambient air
concentrations. Initial fertilizer application often occurs when crops are
planted. A state-level evaluation of EPIC-simulated, cumulative planted area
compares well with similar USDA reported estimates. EPIC-annual, inorganic
fertilizer application amounts also agree well with reported spatial patterns
produced by others, but domain-wide the EPIC values are biased about 6%
low. Preliminary application of the integrated fertilizer application and air
quality modeling system produces a modified geospatial pattern of seasonal
NH3 emissions that improves current simulations of observed atmospheric
particle nitrate concentrations. This modeling framework provides a more
dynamic, flexible, and spatially and temporally resolved estimate of NH3
emissions than previous factor-based NH3 inventories, and will
facilitate evaluation of alternative nitrogen and air quality policy and
adaptation strategies associated with future climate and land use changes. |
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