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| Titel |
Variations in sea surface roughness induced by the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami |
| VerfasserIn |
O. A. Godin, V. G. Irisov, R. R. Leben, B. D. Hamlington, G. A. Wick |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 9, no. 4 ; Nr. 9, no. 4 (2009-07-16), S.1135-1147 |
| Datensatznummer |
250006877
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-9-1135-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Observations of tsunamis away from shore are critically important for
improving early warning systems and understanding of tsunami generation and
propagation. Tsunamis are difficult to detect and measure in the open ocean
because the wave amplitude there is much smaller than it is close to shore.
Currently, tsunami observations in deep water rely on measurements of
variations in the sea surface height or bottom pressure. Here we demonstrate
that there exists a different observable, specifically, ocean surface
roughness, which can be used to reveal tsunamis away from shore. The first
detailed measurements of the tsunami effect on sea surface height and radar
backscattering strength in the open ocean were obtained from satellite
altimeters during passage of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami. Through
statistical analyses of satellite altimeter observations, we show that the
Sumatra-Andaman tsunami effected distinct, detectable changes in sea surface
roughness. The magnitude and spatial structure of the observed variations in
radar backscattering strength are consistent with hydrodynamic models
predicting variations in the near-surface wind across the tsunami wave
front. Tsunami-induced changes in sea surface roughness can be potentially
used for early tsunami detection by orbiting microwave radars and
radiometers, which have broad surface coverage across the satellite ground
track. |
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