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| Titel |
Intercontinental trans-boundary contributions to ozone-induced crop yield losses in the Northern Hemisphere |
| VerfasserIn |
M. J. Hollaway, S. R. Arnold, A. J. Challinor, L. D. Emberson |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 9, no. 1 ; Nr. 9, no. 1 (2012-01-16), S.271-292 |
| Datensatznummer |
250006665
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-9-271-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Using a global atmospheric chemistry model, we have quantified for the first
time, intercontinental transboundary contributions to crop ozone exposure and
subsequent yield reductions in the Northern Hemisphere. We apply four metrics
(AOT40, M7, M12, W126) to assess the impacts of 100% reductions in
anthropogenic NOx emissions from North (N) America, South East (SE)
Asia and Europe on global and regional exposure of 6 major agricultural crop
types to surface ozone, and resultant crop production losses during the year
2000 growing season. Using these metrics, model calculations show that for
wheat, rice, cotton and potato, 100 % reductions in SE Asian anthropogenic
NOx emissions tend to produce the greatest global reduction in crop
production losses (42.3–95.2%), and a 100 % reduction to N~American
anthropogenic NOx emissions results in the greatest global impact on
crop production losses for maize and soybean (59.2–85.9%). A 100%
reduction in N~American anthropogenic NOx emissions produces the
largest transboundary impact, resulting in European production loss
reductions of between 14.2% and 63.2%. European NOx emissions
tend to produce a smaller transboundary impact, due to inefficiency of
transport from the European domain. The threshold nature of the AOT40 ozone-exposure
metric results in strong dependence of non-local emissions impacts on the local
ozone concentration distribution. Our
calculations of absolute crop production change under emission reduction
scenarios differ between the metrics used, however we find the relative
importance of each region's transboundary impact remains robust between
metrics. Our results demonstrate that local air quality and emission control
strategies have the potential to partly alleviate ozone-induced crop yield
loss in continents downstream, in addition to effectively mitigating local
ozone-induced production losses. |
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