 |
| Titel |
Experimental studies on particle emissions from cruising ship, their characteristic properties, transformation and atmospheric lifetime in the marine boundary layer |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Petzold, J. Hasselbach, P. Lauer, R. Baumann, K. Franke, C. Gurk, H. Schlager, E. Weingärtner |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 8, no. 9 ; Nr. 8, no. 9 (2008-05-06), S.2387-2403 |
| Datensatznummer |
250006098
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-8-2387-2008.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
| Particle emissions from ship engines and their atmospheric transformation in
the marine boundary layer (MBL) were investigated in engine test bed studies
and in airborne measurements of expanding ship plumes. During the test rig
studies, detailed aerosol microphysical and chemical properties were
measured in the exhaust gas of a serial MAN B&W seven-cylinder
four-stroke marine diesel engine under various load conditions. The emission
studies were complemented by airborne aerosol transformation studies in the
plume of a large container ship in the English Channel using the DLR
aircraft Falcon 20 E-5. Observations from emission studies and plume studies
combined with a Gaussian plume dispersion model yield a consistent picture
of particle transformation processes from emission to atmospheric processing
during plume expansion. Particulate matter emission indices obtained from
plume measurements are 8.8±1.0×1015(kg fuel)−1
by number for non-volatile particles and 174±43 mg (kg fuel)−1
by mass for Black Carbon (BC). Values determined for test rig conditions
between 85 and 110% engine load are of similar magnitude. For the total
particle number including volatile compounds no emission index can be
derived since the volatile aerosol fraction is subject to rapid
transformation processes in the plume. Ship exhaust particles occur in the
size range Dp<0.3 μm, showing a bi-modal structure. The
combustion particle mode is centred at modal diameters of 0.05 μm for
raw emissions to 0.10 μm at a plume age of 1 h. The smaller-sized
volatile particle mode is centred at Dp≤0.02 μm. From the
decay of ship exhaust particle number concentrations in an expanding plume,
a maximum plume life time of approx. 24 h is estimated for a well-mixed
marine boundary layer. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|