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| Titel |
Temporal variations in black carbon concentrations with different time scales in Helsinki during 1996-2005 |
| VerfasserIn |
L. Järvi, H. Junninen, A. Karppinen, R. Hillamo, A. Virkkula, T. Mäkelä, T. Pakkanen, M. Kulmala  |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 8, no. 4 ; Nr. 8, no. 4 (2008-02-26), S.1017-1027 |
| Datensatznummer |
250005680
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-8-1017-2008.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
Variations in black carbon (BC) concentrations over different timescales,
including annual, weekly and diurnal changes, were studied during ten years
in Helsinki, Finland. Measurements were made in three campaigns between 1996
and 2005 at an urban area locating two kilometres of the centre of Helsinki.
The first campaign took place from November 1996 to June 1997, the second
from September 2000 to May 2001 and the third from March 2004 to October
2005. A detailed comparison between the campaigns was only made for winter
and spring months when data from all campaigns existed. The effect of
traffic and meteorological variables on the measured BC concentrations was
studied by means of a multiple regression analysis, where the meteorological
data was obtained from a meteorological pre-processing model (MPP-FMI).
The BC concentrations showed annual pattern with maxima in fall and late
winter due to the weakened mixing and enhanced emissions. Between 1996 and
2005, the campaign median BC concentrations decreased slightly from 1.11 to
1.00 μg m−3. The lowest campaign median concentration (0.93 μg m−3)
was measured during the second campaign in 2000–2001, when
also the lowest traffic rates were measured. The strongest decrease between
Campaigns 1 and 3 was observed on weekday daytimes, when also the traffic
rates are highest. The variables affecting the measured BC concentrations
most were traffic, wind speed and mixing height. On weekdays, traffic had
clearly the most important influence before the wind speed and on weekends
the effect of wind speed diluted the effect of traffic. The affecting
variables and their influence on the BC concentrations were similar in
winter and spring. The separate examination of the three campaigns showed
that the effect of traffic on the BC concentrations had decreased during the
studied years. This reduction was caused by lower emitting vehicles, since
between years 1996 and 2005 the traffic rates had increased. |
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