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| Titel |
A modelling assessment of acidification and recovery of European surface waters |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Jenkins, L. Camarero, B. J. Cosby, R. C. Ferrier, M. Forsius, R. C. Helliwell, J. Kopáček, V. Majer, F. Moldan, M. Posch, M. Rogora, W. Schöpp, R. F. Wright |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 7, no. 4 ; Nr. 7, no. 4, S.447-455 |
| Datensatznummer |
250004703
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-7-447-2003.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The increase in emission of sulphur oxides and nitrogen (both oxidised and
reduced forms) since the mid-1800s caused a severe decline in pH and ANC in acid-sensitive
surface waters across Europe. Since c.1980, these emissions have declined and trends
towards recovery from acidification have been widely observed in time-series of water
chemistry data. In this paper, the MAGIC model was applied to 10 regions (the SMART model
to one) in Europe to address the question of future recovery under the most recently
agreed emission protocols (the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol). The models were calibrated using
best available data and driven using S and N deposition sequences for Europe derived from
EMEP data. The wide extent and the severity of water acidification in 1980 in many regions
were illustrated by model simulations which showed significant deterioration in ANC away
from the pre-acidification conditions. The simulations also captured the recovery to 2000
in response to the existing emission reductions. Predictions to 2016 indicated further
significant recovery towards pre-acidification chemistry in all regions except Central
England (S Pennines), S Alps, S Norway and S Sweden. In these areas it is clear that
further emission reductions will be required and that the recovery of surface waters will
take several decades as soils slowly replenish their depleted base cation pools.
Chemical recovery may not, however, ensure biological recovery and further reductions
may also be required to enable these waters to achieve the "good ecological status" as
required by the EU Water Framework Directive.
Keywords: Europe, acid-sensitive, waters, predictions, recovery, protocols |
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