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| Titel |
Inferring snowpack ripening and melt-out from distributed measurements of near-surface ground temperatures |
| VerfasserIn |
M.-O. Schmid, S. Gubler, J. Fiddes, S. Gruber |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1994-0416
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: The Cryosphere ; 6, no. 5 ; Nr. 6, no. 5 (2012-10-15), S.1127-1139 |
| Datensatznummer |
250003791
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/tc-6-1127-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Seasonal snow cover and its melt regime are heterogeneous both in time and
space. Describing and modelling this variability is important because it
affects diverse phenomena such as runoff, ground temperatures or slope
movements. This study presents the derivation of melting characteristics
based on spatial clusters of ground surface temperature (GST) measurements.
Results are based on data from Switzerland where ground surface temperatures
were measured with miniature loggers (iButtons) at 40 locations referred to
as footprints. At each footprint, up to ten iButtons have been distributed
randomly over an area of 10 m × 10 m, placed a few cm below the
ground surface. Footprints span elevations of 2100–3300 m a.s.l. and slope
angles of 0–55°, as well as diverse slope expositions and types of
surface cover and ground material. Based on two years of temperature data,
the basal ripening date and the melt-out date are determined for each
iButton, aggregated to the footprint level and further analysed. The melt-out
date could be derived for nearly all iButtons; the ripening date could be
extracted for only approximately half of them because its detection based on
GST requires ground freezing below the snowpack. The variability within a
footprint is often considerable and one to three weeks difference between
melting or ripening of the points in one footprint is not uncommon. The
correlation of mean annual ground surface temperatures, ripening date and
melt-out date is moderate, suggesting that these metrics are useful for model
evaluation. |
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