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| Titel |
Highly resolved observations of trace gases in the lowermost stratosphere and upper troposphere from the Spurt project: an overview |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Engel, H. Bönisch, D. Brunner, H. Fischer, H. Franke, G. Günther, C. Gurk, M. Hegglin, P. Hoor, R. Königstedt, M. Krebsbach, R. Maser, U. Parchatka, T. Peter, D. Schell, C. Schiller, U. Schmidt, N. Spelten, T. Szabo, U. Weers, H. Wernli, T. Wetter, V. Wirth |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 6, no. 2 ; Nr. 6, no. 2 (2006-02-02), S.283-301 |
| Datensatznummer |
250003408
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-6-283-2006.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| During SPURT (Spurenstofftransport in der Tropopausenregion, trace gas
transport in the tropopause region) we performed measurements of a wide
range of trace gases with different lifetimes and sink/source
characteristics in the northern hemispheric upper troposphere (UT) and
lowermost stratosphere (LMS). A large number of in-situ instruments were
deployed on board a Learjet 35A, flying at altitudes up to 13.7 km, at times
reaching to nearly 380 K potential temperature. Eight measurement campaigns
(consisting of a total of 36 flights), distributed over all seasons and
typically covering latitudes between 35° N and 75° N in the European
longitude sector (10° W–20° E), were performed. Here we present an
overview of the project, describing the instrumentation, the encountered
meteorological situations during the campaigns and the data set available
from SPURT. Measurements were obtained for N2O, CH4, CO, CO2,
CFC12, H2, SF6, NO, NOy, O3 and H2O. We illustrate
the strength of this new data set by showing mean distributions of the
mixing ratios of selected trace gases, using a potential temperature-equivalent latitude coordinate system. The observations reveal that the LMS
is most stratospheric in character during spring, with the highest mixing
ratios of O3 and NOy and the lowest mixing ratios of N2O and
SF6. The lowest mixing ratios of NOy and O3 are observed
during autumn, together with the highest mixing ratios of N2O and
SF6 indicating a strong tropospheric influence. For H2O, however,
the maximum concentrations in the LMS are found during summer, suggesting
unique (temperature- and convection-controlled) conditions for this molecule
during transport across the tropopause. The SPURT data set is presently the
most accurate and complete data set for many trace species in the LMS, and
its main value is the simultaneous measurement of a suite of trace gases
having different lifetimes and physical-chemical histories. It is thus very
well suited for studies of atmospheric transport, for model validation, and
for investigations of seasonal changes in the UT/LMS, as demonstrated in
accompanying and elsewhere published studies. |
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