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| Titel |
Global distribution of Earth's surface shortwave radiation budget |
| VerfasserIn |
N. Hatzianastassiou, C. Matsoukas, A. Fotiadi, K. G. Pavlakis, E. Drakakis, D. Hatzidimitriou, I. Vardavas |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 5, no. 10 ; Nr. 5, no. 10 (2005-11-01), S.2847-2867 |
| Datensatznummer |
250003114
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-5-2847-2005.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The monthly mean shortwave (SW) radiation budget at the Earth's surface
(SRB) was computed on 2.5-degree longitude-latitude resolution for the
17-year period from 1984 to 2000, using a radiative transfer model
accounting for the key physical parameters that determine the surface SRB,
and long-term climatological data from the International Satellite Cloud
Climatology Project (ISCCP-D2). The model input data were supplemented by
data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction - National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) and European Center for Medium
Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Global Reanalysis projects, and other global
data bases such as TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) and Global
Aerosol Data Set (GADS). The model surface radiative fluxes were validated
against surface measurements from 22 stations of the Baseline Surface
Radiation Network (BSRN) covering the years 1992-2000, and from 700 stations
of the Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA), covering the period 1984-2000.
The model is in good agreement with BSRN and GEBA, with a negative bias of
14 and 6.5 Wm-2, respectively. The model is able to reproduce
interesting features of the seasonal and geographical variation of the
surface SW fluxes at global scale. Based on the 17-year average model
results, the global mean SW downward surface radiation (DSR) is equal to
171.6 Wm-2, whereas the net downward (or absorbed) surface SW radiation
is equal to 149.4 Wm-2, values that correspond to 50.2 and 43.7% of
the incoming SW radiation at the top of the Earth's atmosphere. These values
involve a long-term surface albedo equal to 12.9%. Significant increasing
trends in DSR and net DSR fluxes were found, equal to 4.1 and 3.7 Wm-2,
respectively, over the 1984-2000 period (equivalent to 2.4 and 2.2 Wm-2
per decade), indicating an increasing surface solar radiative heating. This
surface SW radiative heating is primarily attributed to clouds, especially
low-level, and secondarily to other parameters such as total precipitable
water. The surface solar heating occurs mainly in the period starting from
the early 1990s, in contrast to decreasing trend in DSR through the late
1980s. The computed global mean DSR and net DSR flux anomalies were found to
range within ±8 and ±6 Wm-2, respectively, with signals from
El Niño and La Niña events, and the Pinatubo eruption, whereas
significant positive anomalies have occurred in the period 1992-2000. |
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