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| Titel |
Coupled carbon-water exchange of the Amazon rain forest, II. Comparison of predicted and observed seasonal exchange of energy, CO2, isoprene and ozone at a remote site in Rondônia |
| VerfasserIn |
E. Simon, F. X. Meixner, U. Rummel, L. Ganzeveld, C. Ammann, J. Kesselmeier |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 2, no. 3 ; Nr. 2, no. 3 (2005-10-18), S.255-275 |
| Datensatznummer |
250000622
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-2-255-2005.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
A one-dimensional multi-layer scheme describing the
coupled exchange of energy and CO2, the emission of isoprene and the dry
deposition of ozone is applied to a rain forest canopy in southwest Amazonia.
The model was constrained using mean diel cycles of micrometeorological
quantities observed during two periods in the wet and dry season 1999.
Calculated net fluxes and concentration profiles for both seasonal periods are
compared to observations made at two nearby towers.
The modeled day- and nighttime thermal stratification of the canopy
layer is consistent with observations in dense canopies.
The observed and modeled net fluxes above and H2O and CO2
concentration profiles within the canopy show a good agreement.
The predicted net carbon sink decreases from 2.5 t C ha-1 yr-1 for
wet season conditions to 1 t C ha-1 yr-1 for dry season conditions,
whereas observed and modeled midday Bowen ratio increases
from 0.5 to 0.8.
The evaluation results confirmed a seasonal variability of leaf physiological
parameters, as already suggested in a companion study.
The calculated midday canopy net flux of isoprene increased from 7.1 mg C m-2 h-1
during the wet season to 11.4 mg C m-2 h-1 during the late
dry season.
Applying a constant emission capacity in all canopy layers, resulted in a
disagreement between observed and simulated profiles of isoprene
concentrations, suggesting a smaller emission capacity of shade
adapted leaves and deposition to the soil or leaf surfaces.
Assuming a strong light acclimation of emission capacity, equivalent to a 66%
reduction of the standard emission factor for leaves in the lower canopy,
resulted in a better agreement of observed and modeled concentration
profiles and a 30% reduction of the canopy net flux compared to model
calculations with a constant emission factor.
The mean calculated ozone flux for dry season conditions at noontime was
≈12 n mol m-2 s-1, agreeing well with observed values.
The corresponding deposition velocity increased from 0.8 cm s-1 to >1.6 cm s-1
in the wet season, which can not be explained
by increased stomatal uptake.
Considering reasonable physiological changes in stomatal regulation, the
modeled value was not larger than 1.05 cm s-1.
Instead, the observed fluxes could be explained with the model by decreasing
the cuticular resistance to ozone deposition from 5000 to 1000 s m-1. |
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