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| Titel |
Fall-experiments on Merapi basaltic andesite and constraints on the generation of pyroclastic surges |
| VerfasserIn |
L. M. Schwarzkopf, O. Spieler, B. Scheu, D. B. Dingwell |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1815-381X
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: eEarth ; 2, no. 1 ; Nr. 2, no. 1 (2007-01-04), S.1-5 |
| Datensatznummer |
250000408
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/ee-2-1-2007.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We have performed fall-experiments with basaltic andesite rock samples from
Merapi volcano, using an apparatus designed to analyze samples heated up to
850°C. Relative pressure changes during impact and fragmentation of the
samples were measured by a pressure transducer. From 200°C, dynamic
pressure waves were formed on impact and fragmentation. Peak and duration of
the pressure signal, and degree of fragmentation were found to strongly
increase with increasing temperature of rock samples. The pressure waves are
most likely generated by sudden heating of air forcing it to expand. We
propose that the observed pressure changes are analogues to pyroclastic
surges that may be generated on impact and fragmentation of large blocks
during passage of a pyroclastic flow over a steep cliff. We infer that rock
temperatures of ca. 400°C are sufficient for this process to occur, a
temperature common in pyroclastic flows even in distal reaches. |
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