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| Titel |
Physical modelling of the interaction between powder avalanches and defence structures |
| VerfasserIn |
F. Naaim-Bouvet, M. Naaim, M. Bacher, L. Heiligenstein |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 2, no. 3/4 ; Nr. 2, no. 3/4, S.193-202 |
| Datensatznummer |
250000280
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-2-193-2002.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| In order to better understand the
interaction between powder snow avalanches and defence structures, we
carried out physical experiments on small-scale models. The powder snow
avalanche was simulated by a heavy salt solution in a water tank. Quasi
two-dimensional and three-dimensional experiments were carried out with
different catching dam heights. For the reference avalanche, the velocity
just behind the nose in the head was greater than the front velocity. For
the 2-D configuration, the ratio Umax/Ufront
was as high as 1.6, but it depends on the height. For the 3-D
configuration, this ratio differed slightly and was even greater (up to
1.8). The vertical velocity rose to 106% of the front velocity for the 3-D
simulation and 74% for the 2-D simulation. The reduction in front velocity
due to the presence of dams was an increasing function of the dam height.
But this reduction depended on topography: dams were more effective on an
open slope avalanche (3-D configuration). The ratio Umax/Ufront was an increasing function of the dam’s height and reached a value
of 1.9. The obstacle led to a reduction in vertical velocity downstream of
the vortex zone. |
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