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Titel |
Managed Aquifer Recharge Using Treated Wastewater: An Option to Manage a Coastal Aquifer In Oman For Better Domestic Water Supply |
VerfasserIn |
Ali Al-Maktoumi, Slim Zekri, Mustafa El-Rawy |
Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2016
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Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
Englisch
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Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 18 (2016) |
Datensatznummer |
250121338
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Publikation (Nr.) |
EGU/EGU2016-14.pdf |
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Zusammenfassung |
Arid countries, such as the Sultanate of Oman, are facing challenges of water shortages
threatening economic development and social stability. Most of those countries are vulnerable
to the potential adverse impacts of climate change, the most significant of which are
increased average temperatures, less and more erratic precipitation, sea level rise,
and desertification. The combined effect of existing adverse conditions and likely
impacts of future climate change will make water management even more difficult
than what it is today. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to augment the water
resources.
Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is practiced widely to store water during periods of
surpluses and withdraw during deficits from an aquifer. In Muscat, there will be a surplus of
>100,000 m3/day of TWW during winter months in the coming few years. The aquifer along
the northern coast of Oman (Al-Khawd Aquifer) is conducive for MAR. Data show that
TWW volumes will increase from 7.6 Mm3 in 2003 to 70.9 Mm3 in 2035 in Muscat city
only.
This study assesses, using MODFLOW 2005 numerical code, the impact of MAR using
TWW on better management of the Al-Khawd unconfined coastal aquifer for better urban
water supply. Specifically, aiming to maximize withdrawals from the domestic wells with
minimize adverse effect of seawater intrusion. The model operates under a number of
constrains that minimize the loss to the sea and the injected TWW must not migrates
upstream (due to developed mound) and reach the wellfields used for domestic supply. The
hypothetical injection wells are located downstream the domestic wellfield zone. The results
of different managerial scenarios show that MAR produces a hydraulic barrier that
decelerates the seawater intrusion which allows higher abstraction of pristine water from the
upstream part of the aquifer. MAR along with redistribution/relocation of public wells allows
abstraction of 2 times the current abstraction rate (around 6 Mm3/year to 12 Mm3/year)
without significantly deteriorating the aquifer water quality. The results suggests
that the aquifer is capable to withstand further stresses when MAR is practiced
allowing better utilization of the Al-Kawd aquifer especially during emergency
events.
Keywords: Managed Aquifer Recharge, Oman, Climate Change, Treated Effluent,
MODFLOW 2005.
Acknowledgements:
This study was supported by a grant from USAID-FABRI, project contract:
AID-OAA-TO-11-00049 (project code:1001626 – 104). Authors also acknowledge support
from Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. |
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